switch – Fondazione Cerm

N. 06-2014 – Structure and Evolution of the Bio-Pharmaceutical Patent Network

Recent work in the study of multiple networks has provided new insights into the dynamics of competition between complex systems [1] and the importance of individual nodes [2,3] in each sub-network. To study the importance of a National Innovation System in the global economy, we represent the global patent citation network as a multiplexed network of individual national economies, and model the technological spillovers due to innovation originating in a specific national economy as a random walk between patent [...]

Autore admin|2020-01-21T12:13:15+00:0023 Maggio 2014|Categorie: Farmaceutica, Working Papers, Working Papers SWITCH|Tag: switch|

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N. 05-2014 – The role of the pharmaceutical industry in the global input-output system

We refer to input-output analysis to investigate the global trade system and to assess the impact of the pharmaceutical industry on the world economy. Our central findings can be summarized as follows: Overall, the global input-output system has become more integrated over time; The pharmaceutical industry has become more globalized over time; The impact of the pharmaceutical industry, measured by the Leontief multipliers, is persistently high and stable in EU15, whereas it has been slightly decreasing in the US; China [...]

Autore admin|2020-01-21T16:47:26+00:0023 Maggio 2014|Categorie: Farmaceutica, Working Papers, Working Papers SWITCH|Tag: industria farmaceutica, switch|

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N. 04-2014 – Mobility of Inventors in the Bio-pharmaceutical Industry

Network science provides a variety of methods to better understand the complex growth trends underlying the development of the European Research Area (ERA), the EU vision to develop a homogenized innovation system that is more efficient and competitive than a collection of national innovation systems. As a collection of member states, with a rich political history, it goes without saying that the history of the EU is inextricably embedded in cultural, language, and political borders, which in some cases are [...]

Autore admin|2020-01-21T16:47:34+00:0023 Maggio 2014|Categorie: Farmaceutica, Working Papers, Working Papers SWITCH|Tag: industria farmaceutica, innovazione, switch|

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N. 03-2014 – Biomedical Innovation Clusters

Tracking the street level location of biomedical publications, we reveal clusters of innovative activity within cities. Using the keywords describing the content of the publications we can further track the geographic flow of new ideas, and in turn, devise a measure of innovation capabilities in the biomedical sciences and in bio-pharmaceuticals. The geography of innovative output is established in two steps. First, clusters are aggregated by connecting all loci of production less than 1km apart. Once these connections have been [...]

Autore admin|2020-01-21T16:47:43+00:0023 Maggio 2014|Categorie: Farmaceutica, Working Papers, Working Papers SWITCH|Tag: innovazione, switch|

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N. 02-2014 – A birds-eye view of SWITCH big data project

SWITCH relies on a wide range of datasets, which can be used to quantitatively understand innovation and competition in pharmaceuticals, and to describe the impact of geographic, technological, institutional, and temporal differences on a variety of processes and domains of investigation. Main sources of data: Patents: Multiple databases provide information about patent applications and publications, with different information contained in each list. Many include technological classifications and citations [dataverse, oecd, orbis], with high-resolution geographic information available for applicants [oecd] of [...]

Autore admin|2020-01-21T16:47:49+00:0023 Maggio 2014|Categorie: Farmaceutica, Working Papers, Working Papers SWITCH|Tag: big data, switch|

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The Switch Project Latest Publications

The Switch Project Team has posted new items: A birds-eye view of SWITCH big data project, by Greg Morrison Demographic uncertainty, the financing mix and the sustainability of welfare system, by Luca Regis Biomedical Innovation Clusters, by Orion Penner and Massimo Riccaboni Mobility of Inventors in the Bio-pharmaceutical Industry, by Alexander Petersen The role of the pharmaceutical industry in the global input-output system, by Zhen Zhu Structure and Evolution of the Bio-Pharmaceutical Patent Network, by Greg Morrison SCARICA IL PDF [...]

Autore admin|2020-01-21T16:42:08+00:0023 Maggio 2014|Categorie: Farmaceutica, Innovazione e produttività, Working Papers, Working Papers SWITCH|Tag: big data, demografia, innovazione, switch|

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N. 01-2014 – Demographic uncertainty, the financing mix and the sustainability of welfare systems

Demographic changes are threatening the sustainability of welfare expenditure in all Western countries. Two clear trends have characterized the last decades, and are expected to affect future population dynamics: Constantly improving longevity; Decreasing fertility. The combined effect of these two phenomena have caused a fast and dramatic change in the structure of populations. Children below age 5, which constituted the larger age class in 1960, will very soon be outnumbered by people older than 80 years. Old-age dependency ratios, which [...]