01-2019 – Quali Regole per la Spesa Farmaceutica? Criticità, Impatti, Proposte
Con questo paper Fondazione CERM raccoglie le prospettive e le analisi di un gruppo di ricerca in cui sono confluite sensibilità e competenze diverse e complementari, con l’obiettivo di contribuire al dibattito sul governo della spesa farmaceutica e sulla regolazione del settore. Le analisi e le proposte che qui presentiamo saranno offerte anche alla discussione in una serie di seminari dedicati, per raccogliere contributi specifici e prospettive capaci di stimolare integrazioni e revisioni rispetto al quadro che, sin qui, [...]
N. 06-2014 – Structure and Evolution of the Bio-Pharmaceutical Patent Network
Recent work in the study of multiple networks has provided new insights into the dynamics of competition between complex systems [1] and the importance of individual nodes [2,3] in each sub-network. To study the importance of a National Innovation System in the global economy, we represent the global patent citation network as a multiplexed network of individual national economies, and model the technological spillovers due to innovation originating in a specific national economy as a random walk between patent [...]
N. 05-2014 – The role of the pharmaceutical industry in the global input-output system
We refer to input-output analysis to investigate the global trade system and to assess the impact of the pharmaceutical industry on the world economy. Our central findings can be summarized as follows: Overall, the global input-output system has become more integrated over time; The pharmaceutical industry has become more globalized over time; The impact of the pharmaceutical industry, measured by the Leontief multipliers, is persistently high and stable in EU15, whereas it has been slightly decreasing in the US; China [...]
N. 04-2014 – Mobility of Inventors in the Bio-pharmaceutical Industry
Network science provides a variety of methods to better understand the complex growth trends underlying the development of the European Research Area (ERA), the EU vision to develop a homogenized innovation system that is more efficient and competitive than a collection of national innovation systems. As a collection of member states, with a rich political history, it goes without saying that the history of the EU is inextricably embedded in cultural, language, and political borders, which in some cases are [...]
N. 03-2014 – Biomedical Innovation Clusters
Tracking the street level location of biomedical publications, we reveal clusters of innovative activity within cities. Using the keywords describing the content of the publications we can further track the geographic flow of new ideas, and in turn, devise a measure of innovation capabilities in the biomedical sciences and in bio-pharmaceuticals. The geography of innovative output is established in two steps. First, clusters are aggregated by connecting all loci of production less than 1km apart. Once these connections have been [...]
N. 02-2014 – A birds-eye view of SWITCH big data project
SWITCH relies on a wide range of datasets, which can be used to quantitatively understand innovation and competition in pharmaceuticals, and to describe the impact of geographic, technological, institutional, and temporal differences on a variety of processes and domains of investigation. Main sources of data: Patents: Multiple databases provide information about patent applications and publications, with different information contained in each list. Many include technological classifications and citations [dataverse, oecd, orbis], with high-resolution geographic information available for applicants [oecd] of [...]